Poland
Discover Poland
Currency
Złoty
Capital
Warsaw
Languages Spoken
Polish
Fun Foods
Pierogi, Placki ziemniaczane, Zapiekanka, Kremówka, Ptasie Mleczko, and Faworki
Poland, a country in Central Europe, began as a collection of tribes and gradually formed into a unified kingdom in the 10th century under the rule of Mieszko I. Poland's medieval history was marked by territorial expansion, trade, and cultural development.
The late Middle Ages brought a significant milestone with the Union of Lublin in 1569, merging the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This union created one of the largest and most diverse states in Europe, known for its religious tolerance and parliamentary system.
The 17th and 18th centuries were a tumultuous period for Poland, characterized by wars, political intrigue, and foreign invasions. The Commonwealth eventually succumbed to partitions by neighboring powers—Russia, Prussia, and Austria—in the late 18th century, leading to Poland's disappearance from the map for more than a century.
Poland regained independence after World War I, only to be invaded again by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in World War II, resulting in immense suffering and loss during the Holocaust and the Warsaw Uprising.
The post-war period saw Poland becoming a communist state under Soviet influence, but the Solidarity movement, led by Lech Wałęsa, played a pivotal role in the country's transition to democracy in 1989. Poland's entry into the European Union in 2004 marked a new chapter in its history, reflecting its resilience, cultural heritage, and aspirations for a prosperous future.
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